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You assignment to build a model in Agros2D (https://www.agros2d.org/Links to an
You assignment to build a model in Agros2D (https://www.agros2d.org/Links to an external site.) to explore stimulation of the infraorbital nerve. The infraorbital nerve exits the orbit (e.g., eye socket) through a foramen (e.g., hole) along the lower margin (e.g., edge) of the orbit, directly below the pupil when looking forward (e.g., center of your eye). You can actually feel it with practice. If you tap firmly at this location you can feel a slight tingle down toward your upper lip.
Your model should include 3 materials and it is upon you to find physiological values for the conductivity of the skin, soft tissue, bone, as well as reasonable dimensions (depth, thickness etc…). This shouldn′t be too hard. A quick search in google ″thickness of skin on face″ shows that in the infraorbital region the skin thickness is about 2mm. As this is a model, you will have to make some assumptions, but I will expect to see references that justify the important modeling decisions you make. You need to worry about curved anatomy or anything like that…just flat layers would be okay. You can also ignore the nerve as we are just interested in how the tissue and electrode spacing affect the activating function.
Your task to to explore two scenarios:
1. The activating function associated with an active electrode (1cm diameter, 2-mA cathodic stimulation) with a distant return (e.g., similar to the tutorial where current spreads out in all directions evenly). Plot the activating function just above the bone layer (~100um).
2. The activating function associated with a pair of electrodes (1cm diameter, 2-mA cathodic stimulation), with an electrode placed on either side of the infraorbital foramen (from one side of the orbit to the other). Plot the activating function just above the bone layer (~100um)
NOTE: Because #2 doesn′t have an axis of symmetry (like the tutorial), use the ′Planar′ coordinate type in your model properties for both #1 and #2 so that the comparison between both models is more clear. You′ll need to make the model large enough that the edge boundaries don′t inaccurately affect the fields.
You are required to submit (a) images of your model/solutions from Agros2D, (b) the activating function images from Matlab, (c) references for your model decisions, and (d) answers to the following questions:
Which electrode configuration provided the biggest activating function for the same initial current?
How do the skin, soft tissue and bone affect the flow of current differently? (After solving the model, you can select current density in place of voltage in the ′Post 2D′ visualizing tool (left tool bar).
Based on these two models, where would you recommend placing electrodes to activate the infraorbital nerve?
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