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Each of the projects you’ve completed this far has been a step toward composing
Each of the projects you’ve completed this far has been a step toward composing a researched
argument, and now is the time to draw all these things together and answer your research
question. Ideally, the answer you’ve come up with is innovative in some way, drawing your sources
together to come up with a potentially new answer to the question (or at least new to you, since it
is something you arrived at in this process). Finally, you should have your argument, thesis, stance,
position, whatever you want to call it.
I want to clarify that this is a researched argument, also called a researched position, which means
that your argument, or position on the issue you’re writing about, should be developed through,
and informed by, the research you’ve done up to this point and should be debatable, meaning that a
reasonable argument can be made for a different answer, solution, or interpretation of the topic. At
no point should your argument claim to be the only solution or answer or stance or paint the issue
as simply black/white, good/bad, right/wrong. By now you should understand that whatever it is,
it’s more complex than that.
Reminder: what we do not want to do is to cherry pick sources and use the sources for
confirmation bias. It’s not good research, and it won’t help you to generate a solid, persuasive
argument. So, generally, not a good idea. And hopefully you’ve not done that up to this point.
The other thing we want to keep in mind is that everything is contextual! So what sources are useful
or helpful depends on the kind of argument you’re making. The kind of argument you write–the
actual parameters of how you compose it–depends on your purpose and audience (remember those
important terms!) and the way the conversation has already been developing (which you’ll have an
understanding of based on the work you’ve done with your sources).
As you move forward, then, you’ll want to consider the following questions:
● Who is the ideal audience you’re reaching with your topic?
● What is the purpose of your argument?
● What kind of argument are you trying to compose?
Remember that rhetorically effective communication is about making the best choices to achieve
your purpose for your intended audience—and this includes everything from the structure of the
argument and the support you draw on to the language you employ to discuss your ideas to the
way you design the document itself: all of it.
Although this is an academic essay, make sure you’re tailoring your language and explanations to
the conversation you’re joining–does your audience have expert knowledge in the field? Do you
need to define terms or explain history or context? What assumptions can you make about what
the audience knows and understands?
This essay should be at least 1,000 words because within it, you will need to consider/incorporate
the following in order to successfully articulate and fully support your argument:
● Discourse Community: The audience you have targeted that will be most impacted by this
paper (although this is not an explicit part of the essay itself, who you’re talking to and whatunderstanding they have of the subject matter should be taken into account as your frame
your argument and support).
● Thesis Statement/Position: Must be part of your introduction and must take a stance on
something that a reasonable person could argue against, based on the research you’ve
found.
● At least 6 sources—they can be used to bolster your argument or as a naysayer of it, as
long as you are drawing on them as a means of joining the conversation that is at work
regarding your topic. These will likely be drawn from your annotated bibliography, but
they don’t necessarily have to be.
● Include at least 1-2 quotes or paraphrases from each source. You can use more, but
don’t over-quote. Properly introduce, present and cite all quotes with exposition and
signal phrases (don’t just drop a quote in without any context).
● Include a Works Cited page listing your outside sources—remember to only include
sources that you’ve quoted/paraphrased and cited in the essay. (This doesn’t include
the sources that have helped you develop your ideas but not necessarily come into play
directly in the essay itself.)
● Write with a distinctive voice: Present your argument and contributions to the
scholarship in such a way that readers can hear your point of view clearly and
emphatically. Keep in mind that this is your position on the topic, not just a report of
others’ ideas and solutions.
● Properly organize the paper: Provide clear transitions and balance to your argument. As
you break your larger argument into smaller steps to walk your reader through your
thinking, make sure each subtopic/idea leads logically into the next.
● Present a well rounded point of view: Use data, observations, details, and examples rather
than unsupported opinions that might appear biased. Take into account counters of your
argument to demonstrate to readers you understand multiple points of view but have
landed on this one. Your cited sources are not the only form of evidence you can or should
utilize to support your argument.
● Inviting and engaging intro/conclusions: The opening hook and the transition should lead
to the thesis statement. Your conclusion should be a fresh take on that thesis, and you
should work to leave your readers with something thought-provoking as to why your
particular argument/stance matters.
To receive a PASS and earn the point, your researched argument should meet the following criteria:
contain a central stance/argument/thesis that is clearly articulated, rhetorically effective,
debatable, and innovative
draw substantial support from a minimum of 6 sources (but more sources are acceptable)
treat your sources ethically (meaning you represent the author’s work correctly and wholly to
the best of your ability, not warp or distort it to fit your needs)
present citations accurately in MLA style, both in-text and in the Works Cited page
reach at least 1,000 words but also be as long as it needs to be in order to convince your reader
of your position as viable and properly explain your supporting evidence
USE THE SOURCES IN THE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ATTACHED
Research Proposal
I want to research how music therapy is different from traditional therapy, its long-term effects, and which one is more effective. I absolutely adore music and many people suggested I be a music therapist, but I wasn’t sure it was exactly right for me however I’m fascinated by the effect music has on peoples mental and potentially physical health. Especially with how music therapy could affect that differently than traditional therapy music therapy has a longer lasting impact on how people view the world? Do people who do music therapy have an overall more positive outlook than those who do traditional therapy? Do creatively minded people have more success than logically minded people with music therapy?
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